See also Ohayou's food effects for a list based on many, many more statistics and has snazzy sortable features. Or if you're the type who likes to play around with spreadsheets, check out this spreadsheet helpfully created by Tritonair.
Fullness: Every day, you may eat food with a total of up to 15 fullness value. You cannot eat anything which would put you over the 15 limit (unlike drinking). Note that fullness is never displayed, either when you eat the item or in your current status, so you'll have to pay attention yourself.
Methodology: Every item here has been tested by eating it at least (and, in most cases, exactly) five times. I figure that this will give a pretty representative sample, but (especially for food with a wide range of possibilities) may not cover the entire range of possibilities. If you notice something outside the ranges listed here (and it's not a stat day), let me know and I'll check it out and try to update it.
Note that the hippy herbal tea, ent cider, glass of goat's milk, and Jumbo Dr. Lucifer are "beverages"; while they are drunk, they behave like food, not drinks (that is, they give you fullness points rather than drunkenness points), which is why they're here. Dyspepsi-Cola and Mountain Stream soda, on the other hand, though they appear in the food/drink section, are neither beverage nor food; they're ordinary combat/usable items which don't give you any fullness at all.
Probably the most popular food in the game currently is the chow mein. Pickles are very good, but are expensive due to the rare appearances of the Spectral Pickle Factory. Insanely spicy burritos (either kind) are also a popular choice. Hell ramen used to be the most popular food, but has declined somewhat due to the availability of newer food. Some people also like Key Lime Pies.
Exploded foods: Like bartenders-in-the-box, chefs-in-the-box now occasionally explode after making a large amount of food. When this happens, you get some random foods, including some foods that cannot be made normally.
Note: All items in this table have been updated since Jick last publicly announced that he was changing the food values (on 8/18/04). It is possible that Jick has changed things without announcing, in which case there might be inaccuracies. If you find one, let me know.
All of these recipes should be performed by cooking (duh).
Key: A = adventures, Mu = muscle sub-points, My = mysticality sub-points, Mo = moxie sub-points, F = fullness
A useful combination:
secret blend of herbs and spices = herbs + spices (not directly edible)
Basic food & raw ingredients:
abominable snowcone = 2-4 A, 5-15 Mu, 7-14 My, 6-12 Mo, 2 F
bowl of cottage cheese = 2 A, 2 F
bowl of lucky charms = 1-2 A, 6-9 My, 1/2 chance of getting a leprechaun hatchling [*], 1 F
carob chunks = 1-2 A, 1 F
catsup = 1 A, 1 F
cherry = 1-2 A, 1 F
cocoa eggshell fragment = 1-2 A, 1 F
cranberries = 1 A, 1 F (2-4 A, 1 F on the Feast of Boris)
Elfin shortbread = 4-9 A, 4-6 Mu, 4-5 My, 4-6 Mo, 3 F
ghuol egg = 1 A, lose 3 Mu, 1 F
ghuol guolash = 3-4 A, -(10-20) Mu, -(10-20) My, -(10-18) Mo, 3 F
glass of goat's milk = 1 A, 1 F
goat cheese = 2-3 A, 2 F
grapefruit = 1 A, 1 F
gr8ps = 1 A, 1 F
grapes = 1 A, 1 F
hot buttered roll = 1 A, 1 F
hot wing = 1-2 A, 2-3 My, 1 F
jumbo olive = 1-3 A, 2-5 Mo, 1 F
ketchup = 1 A, 1 F
Knob mushroom = 2-3 A, 2 F
Knob sausage = 2-3 A, 2 F
Knoll mushroom = 2-3 A, 2 F
large cocoa eggshell fragment = 2-4 A, 2 F
lemon = 1 A, 1 F
lime = 1-3 A, 1 F
mind flayer corpse = 5 A, 21-25 My, 5 F
mugcake = 1 A, 1 F
olive = 1 A, 1 F
orange = 1 A, 1 F
papaya = 1-2 A, 1 F
piece of wedding cake = 2-4 A, 2 F
purple pixel pie = 3-6 A, 3-4 Mu, 3-4 My, 3-4 Mo, 3 F
royal jelly = 1 A, 10-15 Mu, 1 F
Spam Witch sammich = 2-3 A, 4-5 My, 2 F
spooky mushroom = 2-3 A, 2 F
stalk of asparagus = 1 A, 1-3 My, 1 F
strawberry = 1 A, 1 F
t8r tots = 1-2 A, 1 F
toast = 1 A, 1 F
tomato = 1 A, 1 F
Trollhouse cookies = 2-3 A, 2 F
urinal cake = 2 A, 2 F
White Castle burger = 2-4 A, 2 F
White Castle fries = 2-4 A, 2 F
white chocolate chips = 1-2 A, 1 F
Evil food:
Lord of the Flies-sized Fries = 4 A, 15-20 My, -(15-20) Mo, 3 F
Brimstone Chicken Sandwich = 3-4 A, -(15-19) Mu, 16-19 Mo, 3 F
Double Bacon Beelzeburger = 3-5 A, 18-19 Mu, -(15-20) My, 3 F
Jumbo Dr. Lucifer = 1 A, reduces your HP to 1, +95-104 MP, 1 F
Exploded food:
carob-chunk noodles = 3-8 A, 3 F
chorizo brownies = 3-9 A, 3 F
white chocolate and tomato pizza = 3-9 A, 3 F
Mexican food:
bean burrito = bean + flat dough = 3-7 A, 11-14 Mu, 3 F
chorizo taco = uncooked chorizo + taco shell = 1-3 A, 3-5 Mu, 1 F
enchanted bean burrito = enchanted bean + flat dough = 3-7 A, 14-16 My, 3 F
insanely spicy bean burrito = jabañero pepper + spicy bean burrito = 10-12 A, 28-32 Mu, 3 F